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Challenges in #MachineLearning Adaptation 

It’s very possible that at the time you read these lines, you’ve already use the result of machine learning algorithms several times today: your favorite social network might have already suggested you a new friend-list, search motor certain pages relevant to your history etc. You’ve dictated a message on your phone, read an article that was in your news feed based on your preferences and that may have been translated automatically. And even without using a computer, you may have been listening to news or just heard the weather forecast.

 

We are living in a world where most transactions and stock decisions that make and undo an economy, and more and even medical diagnoses are based on the qualities of the algorithm than on those of human experts, incapable of treating the mountain of information necessary for a relevant decision-making.

 

Such algorithms learn from data in order to issue predictions and make data based decisions and are called machine learning. These automated learning algorithms and systems have undergone significant advances in recent years thanks to the availability of large volumes of data and intensive computing, as well as interesting advances in optimization. A major feature of deep learning is its ability to learn descriptors while clustering the data. However, there are, many limitations and challenges that we have classified as: Data sources; Symbolic representations vs continuous representations; Continuous and endless learning; Learning under constraints; Computing architectures; Unsupervised learning; Learning process with human intervention, explanations …

 

Data Sources

There are many challenges in this area such as, learning from heterogeneous data available on multiple channels; manage uncertain information; identify and process with rare events beyond the purely statistical approaches; work by combining sources of knowledge and data sources; integrating models and ontologies into the learning process; and finally get good learning performance with little data, when massive data sources are not available.

 

Symbolic Representations vs Continuous Representations

Continuous representations allow the machine learning (ML) algorithm to approach complex functions, while symbolic representations are used to learn rules and symbolic models. The most significant recent advances concern continuous representations. These, however, leave out the reasoning while it would be desirable to integrate it in the continuous representation to be able to make inferences on the numerical data. Moreover, in order to exploit the power of deep learning, it may be useful to define continuous representations of symbolic data, as has been done for example for text with word2vec and text2vec representations.

 

Continuous and endless learning

Some AI systems are expected to be resilient, in order to be able to operate 24/7 without interruption. Interesting advances have been made in lifelong learning systems that will continually build new knowledge while they are operating. The challenge here is the ability of AI systems to operate online in real time, while being able to revise existing beliefs, learned from previous cases, independently. Self-priming is an option for these systems because it allows the use of elementary knowledge acquired at the beginning of the operation to guide future learning tasks, as in the NELL (NeverEnding Langage Learning) system developed at the Carnegie-Mellon University.

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Learning under constraints

Privacy Protection is undoubtedly the most important constraint to be taken into account. Researchers specializing in Machine learning recently recognized the need to protect privacy while continuing to learn from personal data (from records about individuals). To fulfill this purpose, privacy-oriented learning systems are being developed by researchers. Generally, machine learning must take into account other external constraints such as decentralized data or energy limitations. Researches on the general problem of machine learning with external constraints is therefore necessary.

 

Computing architectures

Modern machine learning systems require intensive computing performances and efficient data storage to scale up data size and problem dimensions. Algorithms will be run on GPUs and other powerful architectures; Data and processes must be distributed across multiple processors. New research needs to focus on improving machine learning algorithms and problem formulation to make the most of these computing architectures.

 

Unsupervised Learning

The most remarkable results obtained in the field of machine learning are based on supervised learning, that is, learning from examples in which the expected result is provided with the input data. This involves prior labeling of data with the corresponding expected results, a process that requires large-scale data. The Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (www.mturk.com) is a perfect example of how large companies mobilize human resources to annotate data. But the vast majority of data exists with no expected result, ie without desired annotation or class name. It is therefore necessary to develop unsupervised learning algorithms to manage this enormous amount of unlabeled data. In some cases, a minimal amount of human supervision can be used to guide the unsupervised algorithm.

 

Learning process with human intervention, explanations

The challenges relate to the establishment of a natural collaboration between the machine learning algorithms and the users in order to improve the learning process. To do this, machine learning systems must be able to show their progress in a form that is understandable to humans. Moreover, it should be possible for the human user to obtain explanations from the system on any result obtained. These explanations would be provided during the learning process and could be linked to input data or intermediate representations. They could also indicate levels of confidence, as appropriate.

 

Transfer Learning

Transfer learning is useful when little data is available for learning a task. It consists in using for a new task knowledge that has been acquired from another task and for which more data is available. This is a rather old idea (1993), but the results remain modest because it is difficult to implement. Indeed, it implies being able to extract the knowledge that the system has acquired in the first place, but there is no general solution to this problem (how, how to reuse them …). Another approach to transfer learning is “shaping”. It involves learning a simple task and then gradually becoming more complex until it reaches the target task. There are some examples of this procedure in the literature, but no general theory.

Challenges of #ArtificialIntelligence

 

Until few years ago, #ArtificialIntelligence (#AI) was similar to nuclear fusion in unfulfilled promise. It had been around a long time but had not reached the spectacular heights foreseen in its initial stages. However now, Artificial intelligence (AI) is no longer the future. It is here and now. It’s realizing its potential in achieving man-like capabilities, so it’s the right time to ask: How can business leaders adapt AI to take advantage of the specific strengths of man and machine?

 

AI is swiftly becoming the foundational technology in areas as diverse as self-driving cars, financial trading, connected houses etc. Self-learning algorithms are now routinely embedded in mobile and online services. Researchers have leveraged massive gains in processing power and the data streaming from digital devices and connected sensors to improve AI performance. Therefore, the progress in robotics, self driving cars, speech processing, natural language understanding is quite impressive.

 

But with all the advantages AI can offer, there are still some challenges for the companies who wants to adapt #AI. As AI is a vast domain, lisitng all challenges is quite impossible, yet we’ve listed few generic challenges of Artificial Intelligence here below, such as: AI situated approach in the real-world; Learning process with human intervention; Access to other disciplines; Multitasking; Validation and certification of AI systems.

 

Artificial Intelligence’s Situated Approach:

Artificial Intelligence systems must operate and interact with the real world and their environment, receiving sensor data, determining the environment in which they operate, act on the real world, are such examples. Artificial Intelligence systems must behave autonomously and maintain their integrity under various conditions. To meet these requirements, AI systems must manage unstructured data as well as semantic data.

 

AL system and Human Intervention:

AI systems are programmed to interact with human users: they must therefore be able to explain their behavior, justify in a certain way the decisions they make so that human users can understand their actions and motivations. If this understanding is not forthcoming, human users will have little or no confidence in the AI’s systems, which isn’t acceptable. In addition to that, AI systems need some flexibility and adaptability in order to manage different users and different expectations. It is important to develop interaction mechanisms that promote good communication and interoperation between humans and AI systems.

 

AI, Opening to other disciplines:

An AI will often be integrated into a larger system of many other elements. Openness therefore means that AI scientists and developers will have to collaborate with specialists in other computer science disciplines (ex, modelling and predicting, verification and validation, networks, visualization, human-machine interaction, etc.) to compose a competitive and wider system of AI. The second aspect to consider is the impact of AI systems on many facets of our lives, our economy and our society, and therefore the collaboration with non-computer specialists such as psychologists, biologists, mathematicians, economists, environmentalists and lawyers is a must.

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Multitasking: 

Many AI systems are excellent-competent in a specific area, but turn out incompetent outside of their specific areas. However, systems operating in a real environment, such as robots, must be able to perform several parallel actions, such as memorizing facts, assimilating new concepts, acting on the real world and interacting with humans.

 

Validation and certification: 

The essential element of AI’s critical systems, the certification of AI systems or their validation by appropriate means, are real challenges, especially if they meet the expectations mentioned above (adaptation, multitasking, learning processes with human intervention). The verification, validation and certification of conventional systems (which are therefore not part of the AI) is already a difficult task – even if there are already exploitable technologies. The application of these tools to complex AI systems is a daunting task that needs to be addressed in order to be able to use these systems in environments such as airplanes, nuclear power plants, hospitals, and so on.

 

Other Generic Challenges: 

In addition to the previous challenges, the following requirements for AI systems should lead to new research activities: some are extremely complex and cannot be satisfied in the short term, but worth attention.
Implanting norms and values ​​into AI systems goes far beyond existing science and technology: for example, should a robot that will buy milk for its owner stop on the way to help a person whose life is in danger? Could a powerful AI technology be used by artificial terrorists? At present, AI research is far from being able to meet these requirements.
The privacy requirement is particularly important for AI systems confronted with personal data, such as intelligent assistants / companions or data mining systems. This requirement was already valid for conventional systems, but AI systems have the particularity that they will generate new knowledge from private data and will probably make them public if there are no technical means capable of imposing restrictions.

Final challenge concerns the scaling-up. AI systems must be able to manage large amounts of data and situations. We’ve seen learning algorithms that absorb millions of data points (signals, images, videos, etc.) and large-scale reasoning systems, such as the IBM Watson system, using encyclopedic knowledge. However, the question of scaling for the many V’s (variety, volume, speed, vocabularies, etc.) remains unanswered.

 

AI Applications: 

This is not strictly a challenge for AI, but it is important to highlight that AI systems contribute to resolve societal problems: AI applications cover the entire range of human activities, such as environment and energy, health and assisting living and home maintenance, transportation and smart cities, etc. They can be beneficial to mankind and the economy, but they can also pose threats if they are not controlled as planned.

Benefits of a User-Centric Information Systems

Continuous improvements in technological applications have allowed more and more organizations to develop systems with user-focused designs. Not only they get higher success in day-to-day usage, but it helps to increases the overall probability of technology adoption. With a User-Centric Information Systems, organizations have a comprehensive examination of the latest strategies and methods for creating technological systems with end users as the central point of the design process.

Here below is a checklist that lets you decide whether including user experience in IT project development worth the time and resources?

 

01: Integrate the End-User’s Perspective

 

Focusing on the backbone of the IS system, the IT production teams must ensure that the infrastructure works: servers, switches, storage, etc. Even if the gathered information is a good indicator of the end user’s experience, it remains insufficient.

Imagine a strategic application deployed in an organization, which is taking enormous time to start, while in data center, all signals are green. In the absence of an end user-centric information system, you need to rely on help desk calls to acknowledge the problem – and we all know that all problems aren’t carried forward.

With the right tools, you can detect real time problems and take better preventive measures before the user can be affected.

 

02: Prevention is better than cure

 

Anticipating and resolving problems proactively before they affect end-users reduces the financial impact on the IT Team and the entire organization. But how can one be proactive while concentrating all their efforts to correct problems posteriori? Well, with an IS analysis solution, centered on the end-user, organizations are able to detect and interpret any event related to each application and connection within their environment. This high level of visibility allows them to understand what’s happening and why, but also to proactively solve problems before they affect user productivity.

If a new business application requires the use of a specific version of an Internet browser, users of previous versions may be blocked. Once the problem has been solved for a given user, a final user-centric information system immediately identifies all the stations and users in a similar configuration and therefore potentially at risk. IT support can solve the problem proactively, without waiting for other users to remount the problem.

 

03: Optimize the IT Investment’s ROI on business

 

Optimizing the operating costs of informatics system does not simply mean reducing IT costs. It’s only for the ISD to better target its investments by privileging the projects and resources likely to increase the competitiveness of the company.

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End-user centric information system analysis solution helps to better identify the IT resources and services used within the organization. Equipped with contextual analytical data, the ISD can better focus its priorities and reassign existing assets in order to perpetuate IT investments.

The consumerization of IT and the ever-increasing expectations of executives expect a perfect cohesion in the relationship between ISD and users. An efficient analytical solution for monitoring the information system is therefore a real asset to optimize the ISD’s efficiency.

 

04: Do not be overwhelmed by the complexity of your infrastructure

 

In the era of consumerization of IT, the increasing diversity of systems, applications and generated data increases the complexity of the information system every day.

Confronted with ever more complex and difficult to manage environments, IT teams need to have a clear and accurate view of past, current and future events.

A workstation-centric information system analysis solution is the missing link to ensure full visibility into the effective use of IT resources and services from the end-user’s point of view. A perfect understanding of the user context is just as important as the quality of the applications. For example, many users connect to the information system outside of office hours. What would happen if some of them sent a large print to a central printer before disconnecting? It could be a potential internal threat. Data about this type of behavior exist, but do you really know where to look for them?

The detection and reporting of this type of behavior is only one example of how the analytical data gathered from end-user can be used. More and more companies are adopting a user-centric information analysis system to make sense of the enormous volumes of data related to the connectivity and IS performance to solve problems proactively.

 

05: Plan, organize and measure results more precisely

 

As a cornerstone of the IT Infrastructure Library framework(ITIL), change management is designed to ensure that all IT infrastructure modifications requests are processed efficiently through the use of standardized methods and procedures. It’s important to limit service disruptions and to position themselves from the perspective of the end-user before, during and after the modification/change.

Take an example of Microsoft office update: The simple information available about the installed Office application doesn’t allow to develop an action plan guaranteeing a transparent update for the users.

The IT team must be fully aware of the context in which the application is used, as well as the network connections established by the application, to ensure that they remain available after the new version is deployed. Thus, IT must ensure that all workstations are compatible with the new version, both in terms of configuration and the state of integrity required. In fact, some applications running on MS Office 2003 might not support an upgrade to MS Office 2013 for CPU, RAM, or other reasons.

 

Public, Private or Hybrid Cloud – How to make the right choice?

Cloud computing is a booming industry and has significant economic benefits, including better efficacy of IT and computing needs scalability. Cloud computing concept has clearly shifted from buzz to business and in so doing, has transformed the nature of IT service delivery. Just look at the numbers, according to Gartner, the cloud software market reached $209.2 billion by 2016 and is projected to grow to total $246.88 billion, not to mention the billions of dollars that will be invested in infrastructure to support private and hybrid clouds.

Cloud Service Forecast Fartner

The three types of cloud – private, public and hybrid – are generally grouped under the banner of cloud computing, but they are actually different. Choosing the right cloud can be a challenge to outsource applications, data and services. For the organizations, the decision to use -private, public or hybrid- cloud depends on the services they use and their ability to integrate the chosen model.  But before moving their critical systems within the cloud, a question always comes up within the IT and management team, “What option do we have to opt for Public, Private or Hybrid Cloud?”

 

Each type of cloud has its advantages and disadvantages, which make it the best or the worst solution for a given company, situation or application. Similarly, each has an impact on application and network performance, which must be taken into account before implementation. So, let’s examine each type of cloud.

 

Public Cloud

In a public cloud, services and infrastructure are provided off-site, over the Internet. This means that companies are not looking for a very specific kind of infrastructure and can subscribe and start using storage, processing and other services immediately, via an online portal.

Therefore, the public cloud flexibility and ease-of-use, make it an ideal solution for companies that need to rapidly launch a service in the marketplace, have few regulatory constraints and use data that does not require a close integration with other parts of the company.

However, concerns remain about security, the protection of confidential information and the control of data in a public cloud. Another major problem is performance. Transferring services to a public cloud means accepting that business applications are run from anywhere in the world, regardless of where the service provider’s data center is located.

Most public cloud service providers do not indicate the location of their data center in their general terms and conditions, which gives them blank card to move workloads to reduce their operating costs. In short, the distance to be covered and the time needed to access applications can increase significantly for all users of the company. More surprisingly, these distances can change in an unpredictable way.

 

Advantages of Public cloud:
• It can be used instantly and accessible to all budgets.
• It is suitable for development and experimentation.
• The public cloud is perfectly “elastic” in order to adapt to the increasing needs of a company.

 

Limits of Public cloud:
• The public cloud, although flexible, is not necessarily adapted to all the needs of a company, not being tailored like the private cloud.
• The more you use the public cloud, the more expensive it is;

 

 

Private Cloud

With a private cloud, organizations own and operate internal IT services that host critical internal applications and data within the firewall. However, they can transfer workloads from one server to another in case of peak usage or when deploying new applications. It can be preferable solution for those organizations who have not embraced the public cloud as quickly for critical applications and data due to security requirements, integration issues, and concerns about availability. It can also be a very attractive proposition for companies in sensitive and highly regulated sectors, such as pharmaceutical or financial services. Similarly, many companies still prefer the private cloud for their critical data because it provides total control over data and applications. This eliminates concerns about data security and control, but it is more difficult to adapt to changing needs.

Private clouds also enable IT departments to better leverage their existing infrastructure. Typically, when deploying a private cloud, companies consolidate distributed computing resources and virtualize them in the data center. The IT department can manage them more cost-effectively while providing services faster.

However, it is a double-edged sword, because deploying a private cloud can put a strain on existing resources and work processes. When IT departments consolidate resources, applications and data generally move away from many users. Employees need to travel a longer distance on the WAN to get the information they need. The resulting latency can often radically reduce the performance and productivity of the enterprise.

 

Advantages of Private Cloud:
• It is tailored to your needs and your infrastructure
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Limits of Private cloud:
• This is a costly investment, and depreciation must be expected.
• The time required to adapt the size of the infrastructure to the needs of the company may be too long compared to the speed of the infrastructure.

 

Hybrid Cloud

In many cases, the hybrid cloud offers the best of both technologies. It becomes the norm because it allows companies to alternate between the two models depending on the conjuncture.

By splitting elements into a hybrid cloud, companies can keep every aspect of their business in the right environment. However, the merging of the public cloud and the private cloud poses an additional problem: the integration of services becomes more difficult because there is a loss of data consistency. This results in additional management, as well as potential differences in the interface, security, processing and reporting systems that need to be addressed.

As a composite architecture, the hybrid cloud has a dual implication, exposing networks to the potential impacts of deploying a public cloud and deploying a private cloud: applications delivered via a Public service are still likely to be located anywhere in the world, while private cloud applications are still consolidated in a small cluster of data centers, resulting in a potential blockage affecting network operation.

 

Advantages of Hybrid cloud:
• Each data item is naturally stored in the most appropriate Cloud environment.
• This solution combines the major advantages of the public cloud (flexibility, speed of implementation, development and experimentation) and those of the private cloud (security and total control of data).
Limits of the Hybrid cloud:
• This solution is however exposed to the disadvantages of the different types of Cloud and the risks during the deployment of each Cloud solution.
• The use of two different cloud types increases the management required

 

Accelerating cloud services

 

Whether a company choose a private, public cloud service or (most likely) hybrid cloud approach, WAN optimization allows it to take advantage of cloud computing offerings in terms of cost, economies of scale and ease of management while attaining the levels of performance and visibility needed to ensure the productivity of its staff.
Given the take-off speed of cloud computing, sooner or later, more companies will have to consider the benefits it can bring. Companies need to evaluate the cloud model that suits them best, but whatever model is chosen, a thorough understanding of the impact of each cloud service type on their IT infrastructure and topology is essential to ensure that it will result in no degradation of performance for users.

 

Do you have a Cloud project? Contact-us and we will support you to evolve your IT architecture by integrating a Cloud component.

#SaaS and European Legislation on #DataProtection

This article presents a summary of the legislative and regulatory aspects that European companies must take into account when choosing a SaaS provider. Particularly in terms of #DataProtection. When choosing a SaaS provider, companies must implement a checklist with controls and negotiations that they would apply if they work with a relocated service provider for their IT operations.

EU-Data-Protection-Regulation

The main features of Software as a Service are as follows:

 

– The user accesses the application via the Internet.

– The cost depends on the actual consumption of the service (software).

– The supplier of the application (software) is responsible for its maintenance and availability.

 

Typically, when a European company adopts a cloud service, it’s responsible for how the SaaS provider processes its data, not the other way around. Due to some uncertainty, as to how and where the SaaS provider will store the data, there is a risk that it may overstep on its customers national or European regulations, which impose strict controls on the processing data of outside the European Union.

 

In SaaS solutions, the client company data is stored on the servers of the provider. This may include personal data or sensitive data such as health data. This relocation of the data implies respecting their confidentiality and ensuring their safety. The contract must frame the risks and remind everyone of their obligations.

 

In accordance with the 1995 European Data Protection Directive, which was transposed into the national law of 27 EU Member States, the transfer of personal data outside the European Economic Area (EEA), including the countries of the European Union (plus Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway) is prohibited unless certain conditions are met. By transfer, the Directive implies that the data will be processed in one way or another in a non-EEA country; On the other hand, the transit of data via these countries is authorized.

 

For Directive, personal data is equal to any information concerning an identified or identifiable natural person. This broad definition may include various information about a person, such as name, address, IP address, or credit card information.

 

Cloud Computing = Outsourcing?

 

Outsourcing is the well-known method whereby a third party supports one or more company functions, which often lack resources (time, expertise or both). It is common, for example, to outsource a project that requires an increase in resources or a function that will no longer be useful once the project is completed (one-time need for development, software integration, etc.).

 

With cloud computing, companies do not realize that they need to take the same precautions as outsourcing. Personal data may be transferred outside the EEA if they are processed in a country on the European Commission’s list of countries or territories which provide adequate protection for personal data. (Visit the European Commission website to check countries list ).

 

The United States is not on the list of countries approved by the Commission, but data can be transferred to US companies that have signed the Safe Harbor agreement requiring them to apply seven principles for the processing of information under the supervision of the Federal Trade Commission.

 

If a country is not on the European Commission’s list of approved non-EEA countries, companies or service providers may take other measures to provide suitable protective policies for personal data and enable their transfer.

 

The security of the SaaS provider must be evaluated by the companies

 

In addition to these measures, companies considering SaaS and wanting to avoid the failure to comply with #DataProtection laws generally have to prove that they have evaluated the safety of the supplier and specified measures to protect personal or other sensitive data processed by the supplier.

 

These measures may include asking the supplier a security evaluation from a third party, requesting that the data must be encrypted during transit, checking the provider’s data retention and destruction policies, setting up audit trails or the data and obtain information about any third-party company with which the supplier could share data.

 

With that being said, companies should not just look at data protection legislation when they want to adopt SaaS. Thus, national laws on financial legislation in EU countries limit the places where companies can store financial information. For example, European companies must keep electronic invoices for five to ten years. In addition, amendments to the European Council Directive 2010/45 / EU stipulate that this information must be stored on servers located either in the country of establishment of the undertaking or in a neighboring country providing access to the relevant tax authorities.

 

Confidentiality of Data

 

The confidentiality of data hosted in Cloud is today the most important of the brakes for the companies wanting to use this service. The standard of confidentiality becomes very important when the hosted data presents a strategic content for the company or when it can be considered as personal data.

 

The confidentiality of the data may be called into question by members of the service provider or the client company, as well as by a person totally outside these services. It is therefore necessary to put in place, a high level of security, for access to these data, especially if they are accessible via the Internet. The confidentiality of data can also be undermined by regulations applicable to the claimant, especially if the applicant is domiciled in the United States.

 

As the SaaS market matures, it is becoming increasingly simple to use these services without fear of breaking the law. Over the years, we have seen the evolution, the contracts have grown and different models have been set up on both the customer and the service provider’s side.

 

Source: 

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Discover 10 tips for Cybercrime Prevention

As a business holder, you are aware that it is important to be well insured. Your building, your equipment, and possibly your staff: each one has an adapted insurance. There is, however, one area that small-medium companies do not always think about: protecting their company’s information, knowledge and data. Yet, their importance is crucial.

You are most probably aware of the computer threat that is hanging around today. You may even think that only multinationals are concerned and have to take action in this area. This is not the case: every company, whatever its size or its activity, must guard against cybercrime.

Cybercrime Prevention

The tips below, developed by Belgian Cyber Security, are a good starting point to know how to protect yourself easily, as well as your business.

 

  1. Cyber threat awareness education

It is crucial for your company that your employees are aware of the various IT threats and the security measures to be taken. In the interest of your business, you should encourage them to use passwords correctly, to communicate and to store digital files in a secure manner.

If your employees only have access to the information they need to fulfill their function, the security risks are automatically reduced.

 

  1. Install antivirus and perform regular scanning

Antivirus is a must in your business! You may think that it is not necessary to install an antivirus because your PC has never been infected before? If you do not have an antivirus scan, you cannot say for sure. Your computer or that of one of your collaborators could indeed be infected with a virus for some time, without you being aware of it. Do you know that a free antivirus protects you from 5% to 10% of cyber-threats? A risk that you should avoid if you want your business to be secure.

 

What if you receive a virus warning?

 

  • Via your own antivirus: follow the steps suggested by your antivirus to solve the problem. You can certainly take this warning seriously.
  • Via a pop-up screen on the Internet: While you surf, never click on a pop-up screen that says your computer is infected. There is a good chance that this warning is false. Instead, close your Internet browser.
  • Via a program, you do not know: never click on warnings from programs you do not know. Close the screen and restart your computer.
  • Via e-mail or phone: Never trust companies, organizations or bodies that call you or send an e-mail to ask you to perform certain manipulations on your computer. Delete the e-mail or hang up

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  1. Keep your system up to date

Use automatic updates as much as possible. A series of programs and various browsers offer automatic updates. If you are using a paid antivirus software (also called security suite), then do not worry! The latter performs its updates automatically.

 

  1. Regularly perform a backup copy

Regularly back-up important data and information. Determine which data should be backed up, how often it should be backed up and where the copy will be saved. Keep this backup in a safe place and make sure it is always disconnected from the network. Also, if you notice that you have been infected, immediately disconnect from the network.

Also, keep information on your computer that is not connected to the network or on paper, such as important e-mail addresses and phone numbers, or information about your Internet service provider.

 

  1. Protect Data

The internal network of your company should in principle give access only to the websites necessary for the execution of your professional activity. This does not mean, however, that all websites for private purposes must be blocked. A good alignment with the members of the company is therefore important.
Nevertheless, a single visit to an unknown or falsified site can be enough to infect your computer. If the web address starts with “https: //”, you can surf safely.

 

  1. Use strong passwords

The longer your password, the more secure it is: numbers, capital letters and symbols make your password more difficult to hack. Plus, reusing the same password several times is not a good idea: if your data is hacked on a site, authors will generally try to use your password on other sites to hack your accounts. For smaller accounts where no banking or personal data is included, it is sufficient to use variants of the same password. Some examples of “less important” accounts: mailbox, social networks and web shops.

Changing your private account passwords once a year is a good idea. In the professional context, we recommend changing passwords even more often, given the sensitive information that circulates there.

 

  1. Secure your mobile devices and wireless Internet

The increasing use of mobile devices is a challenge in the field of security. It’s better to never make online payments or introduce important account passwords when working on an unsecured wireless network.

The BYOD (Bring You Own Device) concept is an increasingly popular approach, which nevertheless creates an additional cyber risk. Indeed, information specific to the company is thus disseminated and consulted on private devices. Draw the attention of your colleagues to the fact that the use of mobile devices entails additional responsibility. Always keep a watch on your mobile devices, check your environment before using them and immediately report theft or loss of a device.

An additional benefit of using a paid antivirus software: you can adapt the number of licenses to the number of users.

 

  1. Do not click any link, image, or video

You receive an e-mail from someone you do not know? Above all, check the sender. Do not open any links or attachments in your emails, even if they look genuine. Criminals use phishing to try to get your personal data for later use.

Some clues to verify the authenticity of an e-mail

  • Unexpected: You have no reason to receive a message from this sender
  • Urgent: a second request for payment, a friend in distress: phishing messages often ask you to act immediately.
  • Spelling errors: check the e-mail address of the sender. In general, it contains misspellings, but this is not always the case. In short, stay alert!
  • Title of civility vague: the title of greeting is very general and does not mention your name? In this case, it may be a falsified message.
  • Payment method: Phishing messages often require unusual forms of payment.

 

  1. Separate private and professional accounts

Do you use the same password for your private and business accounts? Very bad idea! For smaller accounts where there are no bank or personal data, it may be sufficient to use variants of the same password.

Also, give as little personal information as possible if you subscribe to newsletters, forums, etc. The less personal information you have on the Internet, the less likely it will be for you to use it.

 

  1. Delete accounts you do not use

Do you no longer use certain accounts or software? Delete them simply. The more opportunities for cybercriminals, the greater the likelihood of an attack.

 

It’s important to be aware of cybercrime threats, whether it’s on personal or company level, in order to react on them in an appropriate manner. If we ignore them, these security incidents can have a great impact on us, either as individuals or companies.

Attention: Do Not click on the ‘new feature’ messages from #WhatsApp!

Since a week now, WhatsApp users, across the globe, are receiving a message containing a special link that promise a new functionality. It’s supposed to be a feature that lets you use other colors, but in reality, it’s an open invitation to install a malicious software.
Here below you can visualize the screenshots of the link. It appears from WhatsApp itself, but is a virus.

WhatsApp Virus

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WhatsApp Virus

To prevent any data loss, it’s better to stay away from such spam texts and confirm about functionalities before clicking and sharing such messages.

How Artificial Intelligence is impacting the Tourism Sector?

Artificial intelligence has existed for several years, yet we witness that it is now reaching another dimension, thanks to more powerful computers and the multiplication of available data. By its capacity to raise all sectors of activity, it is undeniable that it represents a great interest for Tourism. With the wealth of data available to professionals, today there are a multitude of technologies and recommendations applications, real time chatbot and personalized concierge services. The aim is to simplify the work of tourism industry professionals so that they can return to their core business with powerful tools and technologies and make an important difference in terms of profit and customer satisfaction. But the question one must ask is how to use Artificial Intelligence wisely?

 

The first point: if we think about tourism future, in terms of types of travelers, its certain that we will be dealing with several categories of profiles, which may overlap. Our first category, for example, will be constituted, as is the case today, of travelers wishing to disconnect radically from their “everyday” environment in order to immerse themselves in another culture. And this, by all possible means.

Others, more vigilant, are the second category that will want to practice simple trips, without risks, even without surprises, neither good nor bad. This does not exclude, on the contrary, the survival of an adventure tourism.

For, the last profile, the purpose of a journey will be less the destination than the experience that one can have there. They will travel to learn how to cook a rare product or to learn a new activity based on information provided by our peers. The purpose of their travel will be based on learning.

Whatever the size of the group and the number of establishments it counts, it seems to me that we are moving towards a world where the tourist supply will continue to increase, thanks to two levers: new destinations and new traveler’s profiles. It will be required to be extremely flexible towards the customer’s expectations, to which one must respond with the development of innovative services to accompany them at each stage of their journey before, during and after their stay .

 

How can AI added value be applied to Tourism?
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Today, cognitive systems are capable of interacting in natural language, they can process a multitude of structured and unstructured data, developed with geo-localized content, and learn from each interaction. These systems will rapidly become essential in the development of strategic topics for the industry, such as “smarter destination”, on the personalization of the customer experience and its loyalty, as well as on the provision of management, analysis and Marketing, all this by using BigData. These services will be an asset to make the whole of the tourism sector more efficient by helping the actors and structures in place.

 

How far can artificial intelligence push the tourism industry?
Not up to replace the human. Robots are used for certain tasks, but not as a replacement for humans, although, in the long term, this could happen, but the problem of the energy that robots consume must be solved. Referring to artificial intelligence is often trying to compare with human intelligence, it’s important to notice that the aim of cognitive systems is NOT to replace human beings; Robots cannot reason or learn as a human being can do. They serve the needs and imagination of tourism professionals who, with the help of partners, take benefit from them thanks to their knowledge.

 

Like I’ve mentioned above that AI isn’t a new technology, we have been interested init since the 50/60 years, but if today the subject seems quite new, it is because the data is only available now. Tourism, like all industries, is digitized and gives a potentiality of data where one can apply machine learning. So AI is a revolution in progress, to the extent that it leads to new ways of thinking about the supplier’s offer.

Google users affected by #GooglePhishing Attack 

GOOGLE

There is a new phishing mail in circulation that allows cybercriminals to exploit Google users login data. To succeed init, cybercriminals use a link to a Google Docs document.

It doesn’t seems tricky at all, as a random Google user receives an email from one of his contacts with the invitation to open a Google Doc. The link will then route the user to a Google login page. Once the user inputs his data in the given “malicious web application”, he ends up by giving cyber criminals access to his mailbox and address book.

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This way of phishing is very exceptional and therefore dangerous. Usually, the criminals themselves create a login page, but using the Google page itself makes it a special link. This allows attackers to bypass existing security systems such as two-step verification and other notification.

Google already announced that the problem is under control. “We have taken action to protect users from the mail. We have removed the false pages, sent updates to our Safe Browsing systems, and our “Cyber-Security team” is working on a solution,. “Less than 0.1% of all Gmail users were affected by the attack.” An initial Google analysis also reveals that no data has been leaked.

Common type of #InternetFraud and How to Avoid them

Internet fraud is happening every day, anywhere in the world. The probability that you’ll ever be a victim is so big. Certainly, if you are a director of a company or if you have a power of attorney at business accounts. Then you belong to the favorite targets of cybercriminals. We all know how cleverly and in an organized way fraudsters work. Currently, cybercriminals use several complex techniques to infiltrate corporate networks discreetly and steal intellectual property or take files hostage without being detected. These attacks are often encrypted in order to escape detection. Once their target is reached, hackers attempt to download and install malicious software on the compromised system. In most cases, the malware is used new, advanced versions that traditional anti-virus solutions are not yet able to identify.

 

We’ve listed below few significant strategies and tools used by cybercriminals to infiltrate your network as well as ways to fight against them.

 

  1. CEO fraud or social engineering

In case of CEO fraud, cybercriminals make their first connection via a phone call. They act as they are calling on the behave of auditors, certified public accountant or a government research service. This way, they are able to collect information about your company’s internal payment procedures. After that, they contact a staff member who has power of attorney to make large payments. They then act as the CEO or CFO of the company and invent a story about a possible foreign acquisition, a difficult tax check or other scenario for which, urgently and confidentially, a large sum of money has to be transferred to an account still never used. Employees who is use to receive a personal call from the CEO are chosen. Sometimes they even go for an external consultancy to increase their credibility.

 

How do you protect your company against CEO fraud?

  • If you get the urgent need to transfer a large amount of money to a new account number, you will then have to pull the alarm bell.
  • Ask to call the applicant back to know their phone number.
  • Make a call back to your CEO to confirm the transfer/payment.
  • Choose for a double signature procedure (cards and PINs) and never leave both signatures to one person.
  • Make a secret contact point (not the CEO or CFO) for confidential or urgent transfer requests.

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  1. Networks attack with malware without interruption

The attacks can come from all the vectors: e-mails, mobile devices, Internet traffic and automated exploits, and believe me, the size of your business does NOT matter. For hackers, you are only an IP address, an e-mail address or a potential candidate for an attack. They use automated tools to perform exploits or to launch phishing e-mail campaigns, day and night.

Unfortunately, many companies do not have the right tools to deal with these attacks. Many of them do not have the tools to pass traffic through a fine comb, protect endpoints, and filter out infected emails. Some of them have firewalls that cannot detect hidden threats in encrypted traffic or rely on limited built-in system memories to store signatures of malicious software.

 

How do you protect your network every minute of every day?

With hundreds of new malware variants developed every hour, organizations need up-to-date, real-time protection against the latest threats. An effective security solution must be continuously updated 24/7. In addition, the available memory on firewalls is insufficient to support the considerable number of types and variants of malicious software.

To be effective, firewalls need to use a network sandbox and the Cloud to provide wider visibility of threats, discover new variants, and improve detection. In addition, ensure that your security solution supports dynamic update protection not only at the firewall gateway, but also at mobile and remote endpoints and your e-mail.

 

  1. E-fraud or phishing

E-fraud is a collective name for fraud through phishing and viruses. The fraudsters will find out your personal registration codes and electronic signatures and will clear your bank account. How are they going to work? For that you’ll certainly receive a fake email in the name of your bank branch with a link to a false login page for PC banking. For the signature code, they call you with the question of stopping your card in your card reader, or you will receive a screen to enter your signature code.

 

How do you protect your business against e-fraud?

  • Choose for a double signature procedure and never leave both signatures to one person.
  • Check everything you sign.
  • Do not share access codes or proxies of your company accounts with your employees.

 

  1. Invoice fraud

In case of invoice fraud, cybercriminals use to replace the billing company’s bank details with their own bank details. They intercept invoices sent by mail and paste them with a – often fluorescent sticker with their own bank details. That mentions the message that the bank’s business has changed. The fraud often comes to light only when the actual billing company sends a payment reminder. They also send emails in the name of the billing company with the same “change account number” message.

 

How do you protect your company from invoice fraud?

  • Ask the billing company to send each invoice both by email and by post.
  • Do not use envelopes with your logo or company name.
  • Do you receive an invoice or email with a “change account number” message? Then verify with a call it takes few minutes but save you from a huge amount loss.

 

  1. Globally attacks and rapid transformation

The success of many cybercriminals rests on their ability to continually reinvent malicious software and share it with peers around the world. In fact, new threats emerge every hour on every continent. Most hackers use an approach similar to that of burglars: they infiltrate, take all they can and go out before someone triggers the alarm. Once succeed, they reproduce this attack on another system.

Others proceed more insidiously and slowly to access larger amounts of data over a longer period of time. Some attacks arrive via the Web, others by e-mail, or enter the network via infected devices that were previously outside the network security perimeter.

 

How to protect your network from global threats via a firewall?

Reacting quickly to threats ensures effective protection. To quickly deploy countermeasures to your firewall and deal with emerging threats, use a security solutions provider that has an in-house and responsive team of protection systems experts. This team must collaborate with the broader community of safety specialists to extend its reach.

A broad domain-based solution uses a comprehensive, cloud-based catalog that lists malware globally and improves analysis of the local firewall. Finally, while a single firewall can identify and block threats based on their origin, a sophisticated firewall incorporates botnets filtering functions to reduce exposure to known global threats. To do this, the firewall blocks traffic from dangerous domains or connections established from or to a specific location.

 

In todays connected world, Cyber-attacks are expanding more then ever, but there are effective defenses. Nevertheless, the victim of an attempted e-fraud? Please contact your banker immediately to block your account before your money disappears. And if you would like to learn more and evaluate counter-attack solutions for your network environment, fill this form and our experts will come back to you asap!

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